DXA stands for which of the following?

• A. Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry
• B. Digital X-ray Absorptiometry
• C. Dynamic X-ray Absorption
• D. Digital X-ray Analysis

Answer: (A)

DXA stands for Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry. This technique measures bone mineral density by using two X-ray beams at different energy levels, which lets the machine separate bone from soft tissue and calculate density in g/cm². It’s the standard test to diagnose osteoporosis and assess fracture risk, especially in postmenopausal women, because lower BMD is linked to higher fracture risk. The results provide a T-score (compared to a young healthy reference) and a Z-score (compared to age-matched controls); a T-score of -2.5 or lower indicates osteoporosis. The exam uses a low radiation dose and is quick, making it ideal for screening and monitoring treatment. The other terms—digital X-ray absorptiometry, dynamic X-ray absorption, or digital X-ray analysis—do not describe the energy-differentiating method that defines DXA.