Which option correctly matches a major hypertensive disorder of pregnancy with its defining feature?

• A. Chronic hypertension: hypertension present before pregnancy or before 20 weeks.
• B. Gestational hypertension: new hypertension after 20 weeks without proteinuria.
• C. Preeclampsia: new hypertension after 20 weeks with proteinuria or end-organ dysfunction.
• D. Eclampsia: seizures in pregnancy.

Answer: (C)

Preeclampsia is defined by new-onset hypertension after 20 weeks of pregnancy plus either proteinuria or signs of end-organ dysfunction. This combination distinguishes it from other hypertensive disorders in pregnancy. Gestational hypertension also appears after 20 weeks, but lacks proteinuria or end-organ involvement. Chronic hypertension is preexisting, present before pregnancy or before 20 weeks. Eclampsia describes seizures that can occur with preeclampsia, representing a progression rather than the defining feature of preeclampsia itself. Therefore, the option describing new hypertension after 20 weeks with proteinuria or end-organ dysfunction best fits preeclampsia.